Although much more common in girls and women, anorexia nervosa also occurs in boys and men.
The average age of patients at the time of first diagnosis is between 14 and 16 years, although the illness can occur at any age.
Anorexia nervosa occurs in about 0.5-1.0% of girls and young women in developed societies, and affects patients from various socio-economic levels and cultural backgrounds.
Anorexia generally evolves over the course of weeks to months, and symptoms become more obvious over time.
It is common for patients with anorexia to downplay or dismiss concerns brought forward by family members. Outright denial is also commonly observed early in the course of treatment.
It is important that assessment be undertaken as soon as possible once concerns arise, as devastating medical effects can occur.
Luckily, almost all of the medical complications that arise as a result of starvation can be treated with prompt treatment and timely weight restoration.
Patients with anorexia nervosa often also struggle with high rates of depression and anxiety. Adding to this, the illness is known to have the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric diagnosis.
Although treatment will be experienced differently by everyone, full recovery is possible.
Although much more common in girls and women, anorexia nervosa also occurs in boys and men.
Excessive restriction of energy intake, which leads to a significantly low body weight in the context of age, gender, development, and health.
Intense fear of gaining weight or of becoming fat, or persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain
Disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or persistent lack of recognition of the seriousness of the low body weight.
Severity of illness classified by "BODY MASS INDEX" (ie weight for height) at presentation
SUBTYPES
RESTRICTING TYPE - During the last three months the individual has NOT engaged in any episodes of binge eating or purging behavior. Weight loss is accomplished primarily through dieting, and/or excessive exercise.
BINGE/PURGE TYPE - During the last three months the individual HAS engaged in episodes of binge eating or purging behavior. Patients who binge may also purge through self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas. Some individuals with this subtype do NOT binge eat but do regularly purge after the consumption of small amounts of food.